Passage 51

Climate change is having a profound impact on global agriculture. Rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and extreme weather events are all factors that have affected crop yields and farming practices. In many regions, farmers have had to adapt by altering planting schedules, changing crop varieties, and investing in more resilient farming techniques. These adaptations have been critical in ensuring food security in the face of unpredictable environmental conditions.
However, climate change has also introduced new challenges. Extreme weather events, such as droughts, floods, and heatwaves, have become more frequent and intense, threatening crops and livestock. Additionally, changes in temperature and rainfall patterns have disrupted traditional growing seasons and reduced the availability of water for irrigation. As a result, many farmers face financial instability and a constant struggle to maintain their livelihoods.

1. Climate change’s effect on agriculture ………… .

2. The passage implies that farmers ………… to climate change.

3. The writer seems to be ………… the impact of climate change on agriculture.

4. The underlined word “resilient” is closest in meaning to ………… .

5. The passage indicates that extreme weather events ………… crop yields.

6. Climate change has ………… the availability of water for irrigation.

7. To maintain food security, farmers ………… .

8. The passage suggests that climate change ………… the financial stability of farmers.

Passage 52

Digital technology has profoundly influenced various aspects of modern life. From communication to transportation, digital tools have altered the way people interact, work, and engage with the world around them. Innovations like social media, online shopping, and cloud computing have revolutionized how people access information, make purchases, and socialize. The integration of digital technology in everyday tasks has significantly improved efficiency, but it has also raised concerns about data privacy, digital addiction, and the digital divide between different socioeconomic groups.

As technology continues to evolve, there are increasing discussions about its potential to address social challenges and improve health outcomes. One example of this is digital health, which includes mobile health apps, telemedicine, and wearable health devices. These innovations are helping individuals monitor their health more effectively, leading to better self-care management and timely medical interventions. However, concerns about security, regulation, and the need for digital literacy remain as barriers to widespread adoption

1. Digital technology has ………… man’s daily undertakings.

2. The underlined word “speculation” is closest in meaning to ………… .

3. The underlined term “evolved” is closest in meaning to ………… .

4. Revolutionary advances in digital health ………… a healthier future.

5. Mobile health and tele-health are examples which can particularly assist in …………… .

6. The last two sentences tend to highlight the ………… shaping health prospects.

7. The underlined term “modulate” means ………… .

Passage 53

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is poised to reshape the future of healthcare by enhancing the capabilities of medical professionals and improving patient outcomes. AI algorithms have the potential to analyze vast amounts of medical data more efficiently than human doctors, allowing for quicker diagnoses and more accurate predictions of patient outcomes. Machine learning models can assist in personalized medicine by recommending individualized treatment plans based on a patient’s medical history and genetic profile.
However, despite the tremendous promise AI holds, there are concerns about its potential risks, including privacy issues, biased algorithms, and the displacement of human workers in the medical field. Some experts also question whether AI systems can truly understand the complexities of human health and make decisions that align with ethical and moral standards. As technology evolves, it will be crucial for healthcare providers and policymakers to ensure that AI systems are used responsibly and that they complement, rather than replace, human doctors and nurses.

1. Artificial Intelligence has ………… the future of healthcare.

2. The underlined word “speculation” is closest in meaning to ………… .

3. The underlined term “evolved” is closest in meaning to ………… .

4. Revolutionary advances in AI healthcare systems ………… a more personalized healthcare experience.

5. AI-based tools in healthcare particularly assist in …………… .

6. The last two sentences tend to highlight the ………… challenges regarding AI integration.

7. The underlined term “modulate” means ………… .

Passage 54

The adoption of renewable energy sources has grown rapidly over the past few decades, driven by the need to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and combat climate change. Solar, wind, and hydroelectric power are among the most widely used forms of renewable energy, each with its own advantages and challenges. Solar energy, for instance, is abundant and environmentally friendly but faces limitations in terms of efficiency and energy storage. Wind power, while a promising solution, is dependent on geographic conditions and often requires substantial initial investments.
As technology continues to evolve, renewable energy is becoming increasingly viable for large-scale adoption. Advances in energy storage and smart grid technology are helping to mitigate the intermittency issues associated with solar and wind energy, making them more reliable as a primary energy source. Governments around the world are also investing in research and development to support the growth of renewable energy industries and reduce carbon emissions. However, challenges such as regulatory hurdles, financing, and energy market structures remain significant barriers to widespread implementation.

1. Renewable energy has ………… over the past few decades.

2. The underlined word “speculation” is closest in meaning to ………… .

3. The underlined term “evolved” is closest in meaning to ………… .

4. Revolutionary advances in renewable energy ………… a more sustainable future.

5. Renewable energy sources particularly assist in …………… .

6. The last two sentences tend to highlight the ………… shaping renewable energy prospects.

7. The underlined term “modulate” means ………… .