1. When it comes to substantive-particularly behavioral-information, crows are less well known than many comparably common species.

1. Individual birds have markedly different interests and inclinations, strategies and scams.

1. Evidence has been uncovered that indicates that English goods were being smuggled into that city at a time when the Dutch supposedly controlled trading in the area.

4. The questions they framed and the techniques they used were designed to help them understand, as scientists, how people behaved.

1. A fashionable nineteenth-century hotel revealed that garbage had been stashed in the building’s basement despite sanitation laws to the contrary.

1. Desert mammals also depart from the normal mammalian practice of maintaining a constant body temperature.

1. Another strategy of large desert animals is to toleratethe loss of body water to a point that would be fatal for non-adapted animals.

8. The tolerance of water loss is of obvious advantage in the desert, as animals do not have to remain near a water hole but can obtainfood from grazing sparse and far-flung pastures

9. In winter especially, it is important for birds to keep warm at night and conserveprecious food reserves.

10.the effect of sheltering is magnified by several birds huddling together in the roosts, as wrens, swifts, brown creepers, bluebirds, and anis do

11.The second possible benefit of communal roosts is that they act as “information centers.” During the day, parties of birds will have spread out to forage over a very large area.

12.this increased protection is partially counteracted by the fact that mass roosts attract predators.

13.there were performers, and since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task.

14.there were performers, and since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task.

15.In the past, as today, men, women, and children adorned themselves with beads.

16.Besides their wearability, either as jewelry or incorporated into articles of attire, beads possess the desirable characteristics of every collectible.

17. Beads are miniature bundles of secrets waiting to be revealed: their history, manufacture, cultural context, economic role, and ornamental use are all points of information one hopes to unravel.

18. Even the most mundanebeads may have traveled great distances and been exposed to many human experiences.

19. They became an integralpart of the gardens of the Ottoman Empire from the sixteenth century onward, and, soon after, part of European life as well.

20. They were the same flowers seen in Dutch still-life paintings of the time: crown imperials, roses, carnations, and of course tulips. They flourished in Pennsylvania too.

21. Thomas Hancock, an English settler, wrote thanking his plant supplier for a gift of some tulip bulbs from England, but his letter the following year grumbled that they were all dead.

22. One important line of evidence comes from flaking patterns of stone cores used in tool making: implementsflaked with a clockwise motion (indicating a right-handed toolmaker)

23. Even scratches found on fossil human teeth offer clues. Ancient humans are thought to have cut meat into strips by holding it between their teeth and slicing it with stone knives

24. Scientists think that physical differences between the right and left sides of the interior of the skull indicate subtle physical differences between the two sides of the brain. The variation between the hemispheres corresponds to which side of the body is used to perform specific activities.

25. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced the best contemporary  history of the American Revolution.

26. Woman writings were celebratoryin nature, and they were uncritical in their selection and use of sources.

27. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women’s right to vote, or authors, and were not representativeat all of the great of ordinary woman